In the early days of personal computing, GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces) looked like a stripped-down version of what we know today. Computers like the first Macintosh and early Windows machines featured interfaces with basic windows, limited colors, and simple icons, primarily due to hardware limitations. Screens were small, and resolutions were low. Navigating these systems was an entirely manual process, using a mouse to click icons and a keyboard to enter commands.

In today’s landscape, interaction has expanded well beyond the mouse and keyboard. Touchscreens brought swiping, pinching, and tapping into everyday life, making smartphones and tablets even more accessible. Voice-controlled assistants like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant introduced hands-free interaction, allowing us to control devices with spoken commands. Gesture recognition has also made an appearance, with some devices interpreting hand movements without physical contact.

Interaction design student are learning GUI(gesture user interface), and research on how to design user’s journey intuitive.